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Samuel Houston Mayes (1845-1927) of Scots/English-Cherokee descent, was elected as Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma), serving from 1895 to 1899. His maternal grandfather belonged to the Deer clan, and his father was allied with members of the Cherokee Treaty Party in the 1830s, such as the Adair men, Elias Boudinot, and Major Ridge. In the late nineteenth century, his older brother Joel B. Mayes was elected to two terms as Chief of the Cherokee. Born in Indian Territory, Mayes attended a Cherokee school, served with the Confederacy during the American Civil War, and become a cattle rancher before entering politics. He was elected as the United States was dissolving tribal governments and communal lands, and making allotments in severalty to individual households of Native Americans, in an effort to force assimilation, under the Dawes and Curtis acts. ==Background== Samuel Houston Mayes was born May 11, 1845, near Stilwell, Oklahoma to Samuel and Nancy (Adair) Mayes. His mother Nancy Adair was of Scots-Cherokee descent, a granddaughter of ''Ga-hoga,'' a full-blood Cherokee woman of the Deer clan. Her father was of mixed race and belonged to his mother's clan, as the Cherokee were a matrilineal society, and children took their status from the mother. With his marriage, Samuel Mayes (1803-1858) was taken into the Adair family and the Cherokee community. His son Samuel was named for his father's friend Samuel Houston, a notable acquaintance from Tennessee.〔(John Bartlett Meserve, "The Mayes" ), ''Chronicles of Oklahoma,'' Volume 15, No. 1, March 1937, accessed 6 December 2011 〕 The Mayes migrated early to Indian Territory, together with the Adairs, Boudinots, Ridges and others of the Treaty Party. Samuel's older brother was Joel B. Mayes (1833-1891), who was elected chief of the Cherokee in 1887 and 1891. Another older brother, Francis, was killed returning from California. The younger brothers each attended the Cherokee Male Seminary in Tahlequah, Indian Territory.〔Conley, Robert J. ("Samuel Houston Mayes" ), ''A Cherokee Encyclopedia,'' Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2007: 56. (retrieved through Google Books, 30 August 2009) ISBN 978-0-8263-3951-5.〕 At age 16, Samuel Mayes volunteered for the Confederate Army in the American Civil War, serving in Company K, under Capt. Benjamin F. Carter and in the 2nd Cherokee Regiment under Col. Clem Vann through the war.〔 Afterward he worked in Texas, then returned to Indian Territory, where he started to get involved in the stock business. He and his brother both worked in the cattle business, which was expanding with the use of Texas longhorn cattle and drives to get the cattle to the northern railroad heads. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Samuel Houston Mayes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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